Un concours d'écriture sur le Covid pour les étudiants du collège des sciences de la santé de Bordeaux

Résumé Dans le cadre du projet « Récits face au Covid » porté par l'institut de médecine intégrative et complémentaire (IMIC) du CHU de Bordeaux, soutenu par le groupe Impulsion « Domofrance et Crédit Mutuel du Sud-Ouest » et accompagné par la fondation Bordeaux université, un concours d'écriture a été proposé aux étudiants en sciences de la santé du Collège des Sciences de la santé de Bordeaux, afin d'explorer par le récit comment la pandémie avait modifié leur regard sur le soin. Summary As part of the "Stories facing the Covid” project led by the Institute of Integrative and Complementary Medicine (IMIC) of the Bordeaux University Hospital, supported by the Impulsion group "Domofrance and Crédit Mutuel du Sud-Ouest” and accompanied by the Bordeaux Foundation University, a writing competition was offered to health science students at the Bordeaux College of Health Sciences, in order to explore through storytelling how the pandemic had changed their view of care.

Le perfectionnisme et les symptômes intériorisés chez des étudiants universitaires: le rôle médiateur et modérateur du soutien social perçu

La santé psychologique étudiante constituait déjà un enjeu important avant même l'avènement de la crise liée à la Covid-19. Les étudiants universitaires sont exposés à des niveaux de stress psychologique élevés. Parmi les dimensions étudiées en lien avec le bien-être psychologique étudiant, le perfectionnisme est de plus en plus exploré dans la littérature. Bien que le perfectionnisme puisse être adaptatif, il peut aussi constituer un facteur de vulnérabilité au stress lorsque les attentes et les aspirations dépassent les ressources de l'étudiant. Par ailleurs, la littérature a montré à plusieurs reprises le rôle du soutien social pour une bonne santé psychologique. La présente étude porte sur les effets médiateur et modérateur du soutien social sur la relation entre le perfectionnisme (orienté vers soi et prescrit socialement) et les symptômes intériorisés (anxiété et dépression) chez des étudiants universitaires. Des données longitudinales ont été recueillies à trois temps de mesure auprès de 60 étudiants au baccalauréat à l'Université de Montréal. Dans un premier temps, les analyses corrélationnelles ont montré que le perfectionnisme prescrit socialement est lié aux symptômes anxieux au temps 1 et au temps 3, ainsi qu'aux symptômes dépressifs au temps 1. Le soutien social perçu est associé négativement aux symptômes anxieux et dépressifs. Des analyses de régression linéaire n'ont pas montré que le perfectionnisme orienté vers soi et le perfectionnisme prescrit socialement sont associés à une augmentation des symptômes anxieux et dépressifs à travers le temps. Des analyses de médiation ne permettent pas de montrer que le soutien social joue un rôle médiateur sur la relation entre le perfectionnisme et les symptômes intériorisés des étudiants. Enfin, des analyses de modération ne permettent pas de confirmer le rôle du soutien social comme modérateur du lien entre le perfectionnisme et les symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression. © 2023 Canadian Psychological Association

Perception of COVID-19 Impact on Canadian Occupational Therapy Curricula: Academic and Fieldwork.

Background. Delivery of occupational therapy education programs in Canada faced significant disruptions and adaptations because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Curriculum changes were made rapidly under extreme conditions. Purpose. To document and explore changes to curricula (academic and fieldwork), instructional, and assessment methods implemented by Canadian occupational therapy programs in response to the pandemic and capture their perceived impact on student learning. Method. This convergent mixed method design study employed a cross-sectional descriptive survey followed by a member check focus group. Participant recruitment targeted Canadian occupational therapy university program directors, curriculum chairs, and fieldwork coordinators. Findings. Results highlight curriculum modifications included shifting from in-person to online delivery and re-sequencing or deferring in-person components. Fieldwork placements were similarly affected and included adoption of simulations and telepractice. Implications. The development of interpersonal "soft skills" are perceived as being the most disrupted, but the impact of student learning on actual practice is not yet known.

Article soumis au Journal Psychologie Française dans le cadre d’un appel à article pour un numéro spécial sur la pandémie de COVID-19

Résumé Introduction: Les étudiants représentent une population particulièrement à risque de développer des troubles de santé mentale en général et particulièrement durant la pandémie de COVID-19. Si de nombreuses recherches montrent que le confinement a été vécu difficilement, peu ont exploré l’évolution à travers le temps. Objectif: Cet article explore le lien entre les caractéristiques individuelles, le contexte de vie, les capacités de régulation émotionnelle et la détresse psychologique des étudiants durant les deux premiers confinements en France. Méthode: 160 étudiants (90% d’étudiantes, 24 ans en moyenne) ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne à trois reprises : pendant et après le premier confinement puis au second confinement. Les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle, la détresse psychologique, le stress aigu, les inquiétudes universitaires, les ressources financières ainsi que les échanges avec les enseignants ont été mesurés. Résultats: Un modèle d’équation structurelles exploratoire a été développé pour évaluer les facteurs en lien avec la détresse psychologique (χ2=1459,18, ddl=1064, CFI=0,910, RMSEA=0,049, SRMR=0,068). La détresse psychologique au cours des deux confinements est expliquée par les inquiétudes universitaires et le manque de clarté et d’acceptation émotionnelle. Une relation indirecte significative est présente entre les difficultés financières, l’absence d’échanges avec les enseignants lors du premier confinement, le manque de clarté émotionnelle et la détresse psychologique vécue lors du second confinement. Des ANOVAs à mesures répétées identifient des niveaux élevés de stress aigu au cours des deux confinements, mais diminuant durant le déconfinement, indiquant un effet des mesures sanitaires sur la santé mentale des étudiants. Conclusion: Dans le cadre du modèle transactionnel de Bruchon-Schweiser, les capacités de régulation émotionnelle semblent jouer un rôle central dans l’expérience de la pandémie chez les étudiants. Cette population bénéficierait d’interventions thérapeutiques adaptées dans le cadre de cette pandémie, mais aussi en temps normal. Introduction: Students are at risk for mental health issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of lockdowns as a means to curb the spread of the disease have had an impact on this population, as observed in many international studies. However, few studies have investigated the longitudinal impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on students’ mental health. Objective: We explored the relation between individual characteristics of students, context of life, difficulties in emotion regulation and psychological distress over the first two lockdowns in France. Methodology: 160 university students (90% female, mean of 24 years old) responded to an online questionnaire at three times points: once during the first lockdown, a second time after this lockdown and a third time during the second lockdown. Difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological distress, acute stress, academic concerns, financial resources, and exchanges with professors were measured. Results: An exploratory structural equations model was developed to investigate the factors related to psychological distress (χ2=1459,18, df=1064, CFI=0,910, RMSEA=0,049, SRMR=0,068). During both lockdowns, psychological distress was explained by academic concerns and lack of emotional clarity and acceptance. An indirect and negative significant relation was identified between financial difficulties, lack of exchanges with professors during the first lockdown, emotion clarity and experienced psychological distress during the second lockdown. Repeated measures ANOVAs identified high levels of acute stress during both lockdowns and a diminution during the deconfinement indicating an impact of sanitary measures on student’s mental health. Conclusion: Coherently with the Bruchon-Sweiser translational model of stress, emotion regulation capacities seem to have a central role in the experience of the pandemic for students. They would benefit greatly from appropriate therapeutic interventions in this pandemic situation and in general.

CONFRONTING WHITENESS IN SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION THROUGH RACIALIZED STUDENT ACTIVISM

In 2010, a group of racialized doctoral students at an elite university in Canada collectively mobilized against institutional racism within their school of social work. They insisted that their school confront the ways in which White supremacy was embedded within various policies and practices. These early initiatives led to the creation of the Racialized Students’ Network (RSN). Although the RSN has ended, it has produced a new generation of scholars who continue to interrogate Whiteness and White supremacy. It has also offered roadmaps through which newer generations of racialized social work scholars can advance anti-racist and decolonial feminist perspectives within postsecondary social work institutions in Canada. In this article, the authors, who are now tenure-track or tenured professors at Canadian universities, demonstrate the ways in which graduate student anti-racist activisms are a central avenue for confronting Whiteness and institutional racism. Through a collaborative autoethnographic methodology, this article draws from the authors’ personal experiences within the RSN, the group’s source documents, and their collective analysis on how the RSN has informed their ongoing activism. They discuss how their everyday experiences align with current anti-racist struggles and movements to shape their actions and responses in academe. The RSN Model of Racialized Students’ Activism is presented to demonstrate the collective processes the student activists explored to reflect and apply their intersecting identities to support racialized students and address systemic racism.Alternate :En 2010, un groupe d’étudiants racisés, aux études doctorales dans une université canadienne, s’est mobilisé collectivement contre le racisme institutionnel au sein de leur école de travail social. Ces étudiants ont insisté pour que leur école confronte les façons dont la suprématie blanche s’ancrait dans diverses politiques et pratiques. Ces premières initiatives ont conduit à la création du Racialized Students’ Network (RSN). Bien que le RSN n’existe plus, il a donné naissance à une nouvelle génération de chercheurs qui continuent de s’interroger sur la blancheur et la suprématie blanche. Il a également offert des feuilles de route grâce auxquelles les nouvelles générations de chercheurs en travail social racisés peuvent faire progresser les perspectives féministes, antiracistes et décoloniales au sein des programmes de travail social dans les établissements postsecondaires au Canada. Dans cet article, les auteurs, qui sont maintenant professeurs titulaires ou permanents dans des universités canadiennes, démontrent comment les activismes antiracistes des étudiantes et étudiants sont une avenue centrale pour confronter la suprématie blanche et le racisme institutionnel. Grâce à une méthodologie autoethnographique collaborative, cet article s’inspire des expériences personnelles des auteurs au sein du RSN, des documents sources du groupe et de leur analyse collective sur la façon dont le RSN a influencé leur activisme actuel. Ils discutent de la manière dont leurs expériences quotidiennes s’alignent sur les luttes et les mouvements antiracistes actuels pour façonner leurs actions et leurs réponses dans le milieu universitaire. Afin de démontrer les processus collectifs entrepris par les activistes étudiants pour refléter et utiliser leurs identités entrecroisées afin de soutenir les étudiantes et étudiants racisés et confronter le racisme systémique, le modèle d’activisme des étudiantes et étudiantes racisés du RSN est présenté.

Le sommeil des étudiants français en période de COVID-19 : influence des deux premiers confinements sur la quantité et la qualité de sommeil

Résumé La pandémie de la COVID-19 a entraîné deux périodes de confinement pendant l’année 2020 qui ont amené à des modifications des habitudes de vie. L’objectif de notre étude est d’évaluer l’impact des confinements sur la quantité (i.e., horaires et temps passé au lit) et la qualité (i.e., difficultés et parasomnies) du sommeil chez des étudiants français. Au cours du premier et du second confinement, les étudiants ont été invités à répondre à un questionnaire en ligne composé de 23 questions. Ce questionnaire s’intéressait aux horaires réels et idéaux de lever et de coucher, au temps passé au lit, ainsi qu’aux parasomnies et difficultés liées au sommeil. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les étudiants dormaient plus tardivement et passaient plus de temps au lit le week-end qu’en semaine, ces effets étant plus marqués pendant le premier confinement que pendant le second. La majorité des étudiants a rapporté avoir un sommeil de mauvaise qualité, des difficultés d’endormissement, des réveils précoces, ainsi qu’une sensation de manque de sommeil. Les parasomnies les plus fréquentes se sont caractérisées par des épisodes de cauchemars et de somniloquie. Les difficultés liées au sommeil et les parasomnies rapportées étaient plus importantes pendant le second confinement qu’au cours du premier. La dette de sommeil était toujours présente au cours des confinements. Les difficultés de sommeil et les parasomnies rapportées ont témoigné d’un sommeil de mauvaise qualité chez les étudiants durant ces périodes. Des hypothèses explicatives ainsi que des perspectives de prévention quant à l’hygiène du sommeil sont discutées. Summary The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in two periods of confinement during the year 2020 that led to changes in lifestyle patterns. The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of the lockdowns on the quantity (i.e., schedule and time in bed) and quality (i.e., difficulties and parasomnias) of sleep in French college students. During the first and second lockdowns, students were asked to answer an online questionnaire consisting of 23 questions. This questionnaire gathered information on the real and ideal schedules of getting up and going to bed, the time in bed, as well as the parasomnias and difficulties related to sleep (difficulties in falling asleep, waking up, lack of sleep feeling). The results showed that students slept later and spent more time in bed on week-ends than during the week, with these effects being more pronounced during the first confinement than during the second. The majority of students reported poor sleep quality, difficulty falling asleep, early awakening, and a feeling of sleep deprivation. The most common parasomnias were episodes of nightmares and sleepiness. Sleep difficulties and reported parasomnias were greater during the second confinement than during the first. Sleep debt, was still present during the lockdowns. The reported sleep difficulties and parasomnias reflect poor sleep quality, despite the reduction in social constraints. Explanatory hypotheses as well as prevention perspectives regarding sleep hygiene were considered.

[Smoking prevalence among nursing students and nursing assistants in Mâcon: 2021 survey and evolution over 13 years]. / Prévalence du tabagisme parmi les étudiants infirmiers et aides-soignants de Mâcon: enquête 2021 et évolution depuis 2008.

INTRODUCTION: Smoking is a public health issue in France, especially among the young. Its specificities for caregivers and health students are part of a nationwide "Tobacco-free health place" strategy, underlining the importance of individual choices and the clinical roles of future health professionals. METHOD: Prospective survey by online questionnaire, conducted in 2021 among 238 nursing students and nursing assistants in Mâcon, concerning their smoking habits, vaping and the impact of the Covid-19 health crisis, the objectives being to assess the prevalence of smoking in this population, and compare it to previous surveys and data from the literature. In addition, smoking-related behavior was observed. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-seven out of 238 students (66%), 95% of whom were women, responded to the questionnaire, with an average age of 25.1 years (SD: 7.7). Smoking prevalence was measured at 22%. This rate has fluctuated without declining in the surveys undertaken since 2008. Vaping was practiced by 8% of respondents, three-quarters of whom were also smokers. The health crisis appeared to have aggravated smoking habits among the future caregivers, two-fifths of whom considered it embarrassing for a caregiver to smoke, whatever their own smoking status. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking prevalence has not declined in this predominantly female student population, with results similar to those elsewhere in France, Young generations of caregivers will be challenged from the standpoints of personal health and professional skills in their treatment of smokers, which it would be desirable for them to ensure without undue cognitive dissonance.

Medical students and the response to COVID-19: Educational preparedness and psychological impact of their involvement in communicating with patients' relatives.

OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged without precedent both healthcare and educational systems worldwide. How medical students could and should be engaged in the response remains unclear. Medical students were asked to help with communicating with patients' relatives in our institution. Authors aimed: to (i) present the rapid implementation and assessment of a teaching/e-teaching lesson in the COVID-19 era; (ii) report an early evaluation of preparedness, mental health and well-being of students involved. METHODS: The lesson was elaborated at lockdown in France. The clinical guidance consisted of a voluntary lesson entitled: "How to communicate with relatives of hospitalized COVID-19 patients?". Students received an anonymous online questionnaire after two weeks. RESULTS: Sixty-six medical students were trained (32% face-to-face). The response rate was 64%. Most students informed relatives about the routine care of the patient (95%). Concerning the lesson, students assured to have had one (95%), considered it relevant (86%), and had used the educational content (81%). 33% were charged with unexpected missions (only 36% felt prepared). Most of them did not report any psychological impact, but some reported anxiety or sleep disorders with no difference between face-to-face/distance training. CONCLUSIONS: This pandemic may last. Communication ability is a key competence in medical curriculum and is more than ever essential. Distance learning technologies may provide a useful and accepted tool for medical students. We report on a rapid feedback on what can be expected or not from students in terms of mission and short-term psychological consequences.

Self-reported mental health symptoms, quality of life and coping strategies in French health sciences students during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey.

INTRODUCTION: Health sciences students usually report high rates of mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic context may have serious psychological impacts in this at-risk population. We aimed to assess the self-reported mental health status, health-related quality of life and coping strategies of health sciences students during the early stage of the pandemic. METHOD: An online 128-item questionnaire sent to 17,673 health sciences students from the Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 in April 2020 assessed: a) sociodemographic characteristics, b) conditions of lockdown, c) depressive (Beck Depression Inventory- Short Form, BDI-SF), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-A, STAI-A) and traumatic symptoms (Impact of Event Scale -Revised, IES-R), d) health-related quality of life (SF12) and e) coping strategies (Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, Brief COPE). RESULTS: The participation rate was 9.9% (n=1,765). A total of 19.5% of participants reported an IES-R>33, 11.6% depressive symptoms, 58.1% anxiety symptoms, and 4.4% suicidal ideation. Their mental health-related quality of life was significantly poorer than for physical health. Female gender, COVID-like symptoms, social isolation due to the lockdown, pandemic-related financial restraint and exams-related stress were significantly associated with poorer self-reported mental health conditions. Volunteering in the healthcare system was significantly associated with lower mental health scores. Coping strategies were mostly oriented toward avoidance and positive appraisal. CONCLUSION: French health sciences students exhibited high levels of self-reported mental health problems and a poor mental health-related quality of life during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific risk factors related to the pandemic partly explain the observed prevalence.

[Engagement of students enrolled in fifth year of pharmacy studies in their academic or salaried pharmaceutical activities during the first period of lockout due to the COVID-19 pandemic (16th March-11th May 2020)]. / Engagement d'étudiants de cinquième année de pharmacie dans leurs activités pharmaceutiques, académiques et salariées, au cours de la première période de confinement liée à la pandémie de COVID-19 (16 mars­11 mai 2020).

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the engagement of students enrolled in the fifth year of pharmaceutical studies in the management of the health crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify some determinants of this engagement during this period. METHODS: With the health crisis, new missions have been entrusted during hospital internships, whereas certain internship sites were removed in hospitals and as part of the health service organization. In addition, some students who were no longer in internship returned to the hospital setting for helping in critical activities. Student engagement was studied with a questionnaire and focus groups including six or seven students in each group. RESULTS: Forty-three students participated to the study. The answers to the questionnaire highlighted that they were engaged, that they usually did not wait for compensation, and that most of them were satisfied by their activity during the crisis. The thematic analysis demonstrated that despite a feeling of frustration, which was often associated with the interruption of rewarded activities, and despite a stress due to the particular context, student engagement was supported by a better consideration of the pharmacist's role as a professional in public health and by a better acknowledgement of this role by other health professionals. CONCLUSION: This level of engagement is particularly encouraging because it is the witness of the ability of pharmacists to mobilize for general interest, even in adverse context.

Predictors of sleep quality in medical students during COVID-19 confinement.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess sleep quality of Tunisian medical students during home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and sociodemographic, clinical, confinement-related and psychological variables. METHODS: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted from April 11th to May 3rd 2020. Medical students who have been in home confinement and who accepted to participate in an online survey were targeted. Sociodemographic data, clinical variables, and data related to home confinement were collected. Participants also completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale. RESULTS: Results showed a high prevalence of poor sleepers among medical students (72.5%) with poor subjective sleep quality, increased sleep latency, sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that family history of suicide attempts, tobacco use, perception of home confinement and reduced physical activity during home confinement significantly contributed to poor sleep quality. Among the psychological variables, anxiety and hopelessness significantly contributed to poor sleep quality in medical students during home confinement. CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality in medical students who have been in home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Except family history of suicide attempts, factors that significantly contributed to poor sleep quality were modifiable factors. Sleep quality and sleep parameters need to be assessed in this particular population and adequate measures aiming to promote quality of sleep need to be enhanced, given the crucial regenerative, homeostatic and psychological roles of sleep.

Effect of Web-Based Time-Use Intervention on Occupational Balance During the Covid-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND.: Restrictions implemented to control the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic may lead to disruptions in occupational balance among university students. PURPOSE.: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based time-use intervention on the occupational balance of university students. METHOD.: A total of 60 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight sessions of web-based time management intervention, while the control group received a single-session web-based time management intervention. Pre-and post-intervention occupational balance of the participants was evaluated with Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). FINDINGS.: The eight-session intervention was more effective than the single-session intervention in improving OBQ total scores and all individual OBQ item scores except for "Having sufficient things to do during a regular week." IMPLICATIONS.: Occupational therapists can implement web-based time management interventions to promote the occupational balance of university students during the Covid-19 pandemic.